What is domestic wastewater? Characteristics of domestic wastewater
Wastewater is currently an alarming problem in Vietnam. Not to mention industrial wastewater, medical wastewater, and urban wastewater, just talking about domestic wastewater also gives the authorities a headache every time they think of solutions, especially in urban areas. , big cities like Hanoi, City. Ho Chi Minh, Da Nang,…
So what is domestic wastewater? What are domestic wastewater standards in Vietnam? Let’s join Vina TS to understand information related to domestic wastewater through the article below!
What is domestic wastewater?
Domestic wastewater is all types of water discharged into the environment after use from people’s activities in areas: urban areas, schools, shopping centers, entertainment areas, offices. ,.. Normally, domestic wastewater often comes from bathing, washing, cleaning activities, etc.
This type of wastewater often has a fairly high concentration of pollutants due to containing many toxic substances such as detergents, pesticides, chemicals, bacteria, grease, phosphorus, BOD5, COD,… In addition, domestic wastewater also contains an extremely dangerous pollutant: pathogens transmitted by viruses, bacteria, helminths, etc.
Classification of domestic wastewater
Based on the nature, purpose of human use and pollutant composition, domestic wastewater is divided into the following 3 basic types:
- Domestic wastewater from toilets
- Wastewater in the kitchen area
- Washing and bathing wastewater
- Domestic wastewater from toilets and restrooms
This is the most polluted source of wastewater and it is also the main reason why domestic wastewater is black and has an unpleasant odor. Because the main components of toilet wastewater are feces, urine, suspended dirt, impurities, disease-causing microorganisms, etc., toilets often have a foul odor.
- Wastewater from cooking and cleaning areas in the kitchen
Wastewater in this area will not be too polluted, it is caused by wastewater from food preparation processes, post-washing, dishwashing, cleaning the kitchen area,…
However, this type of wastewater often contains a lot of grease, organic residue, suspended impurities and some chemicals. Therefore, it often causes kitchen drainage pipes to become clogged and smell bad due to grease and scale sticking to the pipe walls.
- Wastewater from bathing and washing areas
Wastewater in the washing area has completely different properties than the two types of wastewater above and is less polluting and harmful. Because the organic matter content in this wastewater is not significant and is mainly substances used for cleaning such as soap, washing powder, shampoo, etc., the treatment method is also much simpler.
Composition of domestic wastewater
The composition of domestic wastewater is very diverse but is still mainly water (more than 95%). Besides, the main components of wastewater are also dissolved organic substances (feces, hair, food, sugar, urea, soluble proteins) and inorganic substances (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, ammonia, salt). , H2S).
In addition to the above organic and inorganic substances, domestic wastewater also contains disease-causing microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, helminths and harmless bacteria.
Some methods of treating domestic wastewater
Currently, domestic wastewater is one of the difficult problems causing alarming environmental pollution and there are many solutions. Below are 4 methods that we have compiled:
- Mechanical treatment method
- Physicochemical treatment methods
- Chemical treatment method (using activated carbon)
- Biological treatment methods
That is all the knowledge about domestic wastewater that we want to share with you. Hopefully, with this knowledge, you will know what domestic wastewater is and help propagate and raise awareness to those around you to protect an increasingly healthier environment.